Graphite Petroleum Coke
Graphite Petroleum Coke (GPC) resulted from heating petroleum coke in graphitization furnace under high temperature. GPC owns fixed carbon content and its leading task is to raise carbon that resulted in having high-quality steel, cast iron and other alloys. Moreover, it would be good additive for industries such as rubber and plastic.
Why Choose Us?
Strict Quality Control
Qitian Products ensure 100% of all graphite petroleum coke meet industry quality standards and passed final inspection and then are carefully packaged for delivery.
Stable Supply Capacity
We have our own production plant, with a daily shipment of up to 100 tons. We have advanced technicians to help us improve production technology and production efficiency.
Professional Management System
The company's system is very complete. From the early stage of customer docking to the later stage of product sales, we can use professional software management to improve efficiency.
24 Hours Service
We can provide the best export service and after-sales service. 24 hours on line for help.
Advantages of Graphite Petroleum Coke
Enhanced Carbon Content
High-quality GPC boasts a significantly higher carbon content compared to traditional petroleum coke. This higher carbon content plays a vital role in the steelmaking process, improving the steel's overall strength and durability. The addition of GPC ensures the production of high-quality steel materials that can withstand extreme conditions, including intense pressure and high temperatures.
Superior Conductivity
Graphite petroleum coke is known for its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity properties. This characteristic makes it an ideal material for manufacturing electrodes used in arc furnaces and electric arc steelmaking processes. The superior conductivity of GPC enables efficient heat transfer, leading to improved energy efficiency and reduced processing time during steel production.
Improved Graphitization
High-quality GPC aids in enhancing the graphitization process of steel materials. Graphitization involves the transformation of carbon into graphite, resulting in improved strength and hardness. The addition of GPC promotes this graphitization process, contributing to the formation of high-performance steel products with superior mechanical properties.
Reduced Impurities
Impurities can significantly affect the quality and performance of steel materials. However, high-quality graphite petroleum coke undergoes a rigorous purification process, ensuring a low level of impurities. This purification process eliminates harmful elements such as sulfur and nitrogen, thus enhancing the overall quality of the steel produced.
Cost-Effectiveness
By incorporating high-quality GPC into steel production, manufacturers can achieve cost savings. The superior carbon content and conductivity of GPC enable the reduction of energy consumption and processing time during steelmaking. Additionally, the enhanced durability and overall performance of steel materials made with GPC result in long-lasting products, reducing the need for frequent replacements and maintenance.
Types of Graphite Petroleum Coke
Sponge Coke
It is a petroleum coke produced from heavy residue feedstocks by Pyrolysis in a fluidised bed. The reason why it is called a sponge is due to its high porosity and low bulk density. Sponge coke is mainly used to produce electrodes for the aluminium industry. Sponge coke is ideal for anodes due to its high purity, low sulfur content, and good electrical conductivity. It is also highly resistant to thermal shock and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Sponge coke is also used as fuel in industrial boilers and cement kilns. Its low sulfur content causes it to produce less sulfur dioxide emissions when burned.
Shot Coke
This type is produced during the delayed coking process. The coke particles are rapidly quenching, causing irregularities in their structures. Accordingly, it becomes difficult to handle and unacceptable for special Coke applications. For example, anode production requires high purity low porosity coke. It can also be used as a fuel in various industrial processes, including cement kilns and power plants. Its high porosity makes it provide good combustion properties and reduces emissions.
Needle Coke
It is produced exclusively from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) decant oil or coal tar pitch. Its unique structure and high purity make it ideal for producing high-quality graphite electrodes, essential for manufacturing batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) and other energy storage systems.
Application of Graphite Petroleum Coke
Fuel
Since 80% of pet coke produced is fuel-grade, this material is widely used in clement clinks and electricity production as it’s a perfect substitute for coal in boilers and furnaces.
Aluminum
At the moment, the only commercially viable method to make anodes for aluminum smelting. This is thanks to calcinated pet coke’s superior electrical resistance and conductivity, as well as its resistance to physical and chemical degradation in the smelting pot.
Teel
Calcinated pet coke is a viable substitute for different types of coal used in the metal industry. For instance, pet coke can replace coal as a raw material for coke oven batteries, but it can also replace pulverized coal injected into blast furnaces. Needle coke is also often used to produce electrodes for electric arc furnaces due to its electrolytic properties.
Glass and brick
Due to the low ash content of calcinated coke, glass, and brick manufacturers value it above other fuel sources.
Colorings
One of the crucial materials in the production of titanium oxide is calcinated coke. Titanium oxide is most often used as a substitute material for lead in paint, additionally, it’s a key material of pigment in different kinds of colorings, such as food, plastic, and even sunscreen.
Fertilizer
When calcinated coke is carbonized, it produces urea ammonium nitrate and ammonia which can then be used as fertilizer.
Paper
The aforementioned titanium dioxide is used in the production of paper and as a whitener for paper products. But ammonium urea nitrate and ammonia are also widely used in the paper industry for paper and pulp production.
How is Graphite Petroleum Coke produced and processed?
Petroleum Coke is produced from the petroleum refining process. The first stage is extracting raw materials (crude oil) from the ground after drilling an oil well. The second stage is transporting these materials to the oil refinery.
Oil refineries refine these raw hydrocarbons into usable products for the market—for example, petroleum oils, gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and other derivatives.
Refining petroleum hydrocarbons includes equipment, stages, techniques, and chemical reactions to obtain the final product.
At this stage, raw materials are heated to extremely high temperatures in distillation towers and pressed to high pressures. Then, each hydrocarbon compound separates at a certain pressure and temperature.
The residues of these derivatives remain in the form of petroleum liquids. Here, those liquids are transferred to special units called "coking units" to complete the filtering process. Then, these liquids are processed at a specific temperature and pressure to produce Petroleum coke in the form of solids after purging them of all gases and volatile materials. Finally, all remaining light and heavy oils are separated.
The resulting petroleum coke at this stage is called Green Petroleum Coke (CVP). In short, still needs to be processed. Petroleum Coke can be used here in some applications, but others require more processing and are called “Calcined Coke”. This process means transferring petroleum coke to a rotary kiln to remove the remaining volatile hydrocarbon residues.
The calcined petroleum coke can be further processed in an anode baking oven. It produces coke, which is used mainly in manufacturing steel or aluminium.
For storage and transportation, such as coal, petroleum coke is stored in large piles in bags or silos. Conveyors, hopper belts, and trolleys can easily transport it.
Because petroleum coke is carbon-rich, it must be stored in a dry environment.
It will form a hard solid called "damp coke" if wet. It is a tricky substance that is difficult to remove. It can often be easily broken or removed through the use of a ripper, which is a high-pressure water hose.
● Chemistry: Most petcoke consists of carbon 85~99%, and hydrogen in concentrations between 3.0- 4.0%. Raw (or green) coke contains 0.5-1% nitrogen and 0.2- 6.0% sulfur, which become emissions when coke is Calcined.
● Heating Value: Petroleum coke is highly combustible and has a high heating value, often between 8,000 and 10,000 BTU/lb.
● Size: The particle sizes of petcoke are typically in the range of 0-50 mm.
● Ash: Depending on the origin of Petroleum coke, it may range from 0.5~1%.
● Moisture: The moisture content within the Petroleum coke particles varies with the mining place; it may range from under 1% to over 10%.
● Volatile Matter Content: The concentration of volatile matter in Coke varies depending on the place of mining, which is usually found in proportions of less than 10%.
● Hardness: There are two distinct varieties of petcoke: calcined and uncalcined. Calcined petcoke is more complex and denser than regular petcoke due to its increased carbon concentration.
● Sulfur Content: Petcoke sulfur content can vary from 0.2% to 6%, depending on the type of petcoke and the refining process used.
● Metal Content: The total metal content is typically less than 0.5%. The metals in Petcoke are aluminium, cobalt, iron, chromium, calcium, and others.
● Fixed Carbon: Petcoke's selected carbon content is typically more than 85% and can be as high as 99%.
● Absolute: Density typically ranges from 0.8 to 1.0 g/cm3.
Testing graphite petroleum coke is important because testing determines its usefulness, safety and quality. Testing petcoke allows you to make sure its metal, sulfur and carbon content are at a safe level for the environment and industrial equipment. Making sure metal and sulfur concentrations are low protects refining equipment and the environment from damage, and checking carbon content can help you reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
With proper testing, you can make sure your petcoke meets industry standards and sell quality materials to your clients.
The History of Graphite Petroleum Coke
Graphite petroleum coke was first produced in the 18th century, and its use has since grown throughout the world. Today, petcoke is used in a variety of industries, including cement production, power generation, and steelmaking. While petcoke is often thought of as a waste product, it actually has a variety of uses. In fact, petroleum coke is an essential ingredient in many industrial processes. Due to its high carbon content, petcoke is often used as a fuel source. It is also frequently used in the production of cement and other industrial materials. And while petcoke is most commonly used as a fuel source, it has a variety of other uses, as well. For example, petroleum coke can be used as an abrasive or a catalyst. It is also often used in the production of cement and other industrial materials.
The Difference between Graphite Petroleum Coke(GPC) with Calcined Petroleum Coke(CPC)
First: Raw materials are all raw petroleum coke
Second: Smelting environment is different
Graphite Petroleum Coke is produced in graphitization furnace at about 3000 ℃.
Calcined petroleum coke is produced in a forge furnace at a temperature of more than 1500 ℃.
Third: Fixed carbon content is different
The fixed carbon content of graphitized carburizer is about 98%, and the highest is 99%.
The fixed carbon of calcined petroleum coke is about 98.5%
Fourth: Sulfur content
The sulfur content of graphitized petroleum coke is generally between 0.03-0.06%, generally more than 0.05%. The absorption rate is generally between 90% and 95%. (2) The sulfur content of calcined petroleum coke carburizer is generally about 0.5%. The absorption rate is generally between 80% - 90%.
Fifth: Smelting time
The smelting environment of graphite petroleum coke is longer than that of calcined petroleum coke.
Sixth: The use of the two kinds of carburizers is the same
But it will be different according to the amount of different manufacturers. Although the price of graphitized carburizer is higher than that of calcined petroleum coke, the selection of graphitized carburizer is the most economical in terms of overall use cost. As a result, many foundry steel-making plants are gradually inclined to purchase graphitized carburizers.
Like coal, graphite petroleum coke is often stored in large piles that are easily handled by hopper belts or conveyor belts. It can also be stored in large silos or in bags. Because petcoke is a carbon-rich material, it must be stored in a dry environment. If it becomes wet, it will form a hard and difficult-to-remove solid that is commonly referred to as “damp coke.” While damp coke can be difficult to remove, it can often be broken up or easily removed through the use of high-pressure water hoses.
What Safety Measures Should Be Taken When Handling Graphite Petroleum Coke?
Although graphite petroleum coke is a valuable resource, it can also be hazardous if not handled properly. It is important to take the necessary safety precautions when handling petroleum coke including wearing protective clothing, avoiding contact with skin, and using proper ventilation.
Additionally, regular maintenance of equipment used in graphite petroleum coke production should be done to minimize the risk of accidents or exposure to hazardous materials. Finally, it is important to follow federal and state regulations regarding the handling of graphite petroleum coke.
Our Factory
The company now has 2 modern production workshops and 2 large storage workshops, which can meet the needs of large-scale production and fast logistics. The annual production volume has reached 100,000 tons. After years of hard work, we have worked closely with many domestic companies and exported to many countries and regions. In the future, the company will continue to adhere to the business philosophy of "quality-oriented, honesty and trustworthiness", continuously improve product quality and service level, carry out extensive cooperation and exchanges with domestic and foreign companies, and jointly promote the development of the carbon industry.
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FAQ
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